N-Acetyl-L-cysteine

N-Acetyl-L-cysteine(NAC) is an organic compound, an N-acetylated derivative of cysteine, which contains sulfhydryl groups in its molecule, which can break the disulfide bond (-S-S-) of the peptide bond of mucin, thus turning the mucin chain into a small molecule peptide chain and reducing the viscosity of the mucin, so it can be used as a solubilizing agent for mucous phlegm, purulent phlegm, and respiratory tract mucus.

1. Take L-cysteine and acetic anhydride as raw materials, carry out acylation reaction to get crude product, and refined by activated carbon and ether to get finished product N-Acetyl-L-cysteine.

2. Acetylation of L-cysteine with acetic anhydride to get NAC
(1) neutralization: dissolve L-cysteine hydrochloride without crystalline water in 0.8 times of distilled water, dissolve it in water bath with slight heat and pour it into the Büchner's funnel with activated charcoal beforehand, take the filtrate and add ethanol (95%), and then add pyridine with stirring, then put it into ice water bath to cool down and then put it into a refrigerator for overnight, then analyze the crystals, filter and take the crystals, wash them with CHCl3, and then press them to dry up. Quickly put into the vacuum desiccator to dry, get L-cysteine.
(2) Acetylation: Put L-cysteine into the reaction tank, add glacial acetic acid, trichloromethane, add acetic anhydride under vigorous stirring. Reaction tank jacket heating to about 35 ℃, stop heating, the tank temperature gradually rose to 82-85 ℃, in order to control the temperature is too high, at about 70 ℃ began to cool, maintaining about 50 ℃ stirring for half an hour, filtration to take the filtrate, and concentrated under reduced pressure, when more viscous, and then add an appropriate amount of water to concentrate. So repeated several times, when the concentrate for cysteine 1.8 times or so, cooling and add a little L-cysteine crystals inoculated, put into the refrigerator overnight, crystallization, filtration and take the crystals pressed dry, washed with ether, get acetylcysteine crude product.
(3) Refinement: dissolve the crude product in 0.5-0.6 times distilled water, add 5% activated carbon to decolorize, filter the filtrate, put it in the refrigerator overnight, precipitate crystals, filter the crystals and press them dry, wash them with ether, dry them in vacuum, and get the fine product of N-Acetil-L-cisteina.

3. L-cisteine hydrochloride (no water of crystallization) dissolved in 0.8 times distilled water, which can be properly heated. Then filtered in the funnel with activated carbon, the filtrate add 3.6 times the volume of 95% medicinal ethanol, and then add industrial pyridine (0.8 times the volume) first cooled in an ice-water bath, and then placed in the refrigerator overnight, filtered on the next day, washed with trichloromethane (industrial), filtered, pressed dry, and quickly put into the vacuum desiccator, room temperature drying for 5h, to get L-cysteine.

1. Pharmaceutical products: NAC can be used as mucous phlegm dissolving drug and antidote for acetaminophen poisoning, suitable for respiratory obstruction caused by large amount of mucous phlegm obstruction, and then improve the symptoms of difficult suction caused by mucous phlegm obstruction.
2. Experimental research: it can be used as reagent raw material for biochemical research, adding strong support for pharmaceutical research.
3. Antioxidant and mucopolysaccharide reagent: some studies reported that it can prevent neuronal apoptosis, but can induce smooth muscle cell apoptosis and prevent HIV replication. It has the potential to be a substrate for microsomal glutathione transferase.

1. The aqueous solution of NAC is susceptible to oxidation and deterioration in air, so it should be prepared before use.
2. Broncholysin should not be used in combination with penicillins, cephalosporins and tetracyclines, as it may render the latter ineffective.
3. Combining or alternating Broncholysin with isopropyl epinephrine may improve efficacy and minimize adverse effects.
4. Avoid letting it come into contact with metal and rubber utensils, oxidizing agents, and oxygen; glass or plastic utensils may be used.

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