Products Description
Mandelic Acid Powder is a high-purity, cosmetic-grade alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from bitter almonds. As a white to off-white crystalline powder with a characteristic faint aromatic odor, it is widely valued in skincare formulations for its larger molecular size compared to other AHAs (glycolic, lactic acid), which results in slower skin penetration and a gentler, less irritating exfoliation profile. This makes it particularly suitable for sensitive skin types and for treating hyperpigmentation, acne, and photoaging.
Key Product Specifications
| Attribute | Specification |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Mandelic Acid Powder |
| CAS Number | 90-64-2 |
| EINECS Number | 202-007-6 |
| Chemical Formula | C₈H₈O₃ |
| Molecular Weight | 152.15 g/mol |
| Specification (Purity) | ≥98% (by HPLC) |
| Appearance | White to off-white, oblique flake crystalline powder |
| Melting Point | 119–121°C |
| Boiling Point | 321.8°C at 760 mmHg |
| Density | 1.30 g/cm³ |
| Specific Rotation | [α]²⁰/D = +156.57° (c=1, water) – Note: This indicates the DL-racemic form |
| Solubility | Freely soluble in hot water, ethanol, diethyl ether, and isopropanol; slightly soluble in cold water. |
| Flash Point | 162.6°C |
| Storage | Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, protected from light. Prolonged exposure to air/moisture/heat may cause discoloration. |
| Shelf Life | 24 months under proper storage conditions. |
| Packaging | 1 kg aluminum foil bag / 25 kg fiber drum (OEM custom available). |
Understanding Mandelic Acid vs. DL‑Mandelic Acid
A common point of confusion in the raw material industry is the distinction between "Mandelic Acid" and "DL‑Mandelic Acid."
| Feature | Mandelic Acid | DL‑Mandelic Acid |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical Identity | The compound itself exists as two enantiomers: D‑form and L‑form. | A racemic mixture containing equal parts of D‑ and L‑enantiomers. |
| Optical Activity | Optically active (either + or – rotation). | No net optical rotation (optically inactive). |
| CAS Number | D‑form: 611-71-2; L‑form: 17199-29-0 | DL‑racemate: 90-64-2 (the common CAS) |
| Market Reality | Pure D‑ or L‑ forms are expensive and rarely used in commercial skincare or bulk chemicals. | Over 99% of commercial "Mandelic Acid Powder" is the DL‑racemic form. |
| Typical Naming | Rarely sold as "Mandelic Acid" without qualifiers. | The industry standard; simply labeled as Mandelic Acid or DL‑Mandelic Acid interchangeably. |
Practical Takeaway for Buyers:
When you purchase Mandelic Acid Powder (CAS 90-64-2) from any mainstream supplier, you are receiving DL‑Mandelic Acid. The terms are effectively synonymous in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and industrial raw material markets. Our product is the standard DL‑racemate with a purity of ≥98%.
Cosmetic & Pharmaceutical Benefits
1. Gentle Exfoliation
Due to its larger molecular weight (152 vs. glycolic acid's 76), mandelic acid penetrates the skin more slowly and evenly. This results in a mild, sustained exfoliating action with significantly less stinging, redness, or irritation compared to other AHAs. Ideal for sensitive, rosacea-prone, or reactive skin types.
2. Effective Against Hyperpigmentation
Mandelic acid inhibits tyrosinase, the key enzyme in melanin synthesis. Clinical studies show it effectively reduces melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), and sunspots with a lower risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation in darker skin phototypes (Fitzpatrick IV-VI).
3. Acne & Sebum Control
Its keratolytic properties help unclog pores and reduce comedones. Additionally, mandelic acid possesses antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, making it a valuable ingredient for acne-prone formulations without the harshness of benzoyl peroxide.
4. Anti-Aging & Collagen Stimulation
Like other AHAs, mandelic acid promotes dermal remodeling by stimulating collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis, reducing fine lines, wrinkles, and improving skin firmness and hydration.
5. Industrial & Pharmaceutical Uses
- Organic Synthesis Intermediate: Used in the production of pharmaceuticals, perfumes, and preservatives.
- Analytical Reagent: Historically used as a specific reagent for the gravimetric determination of zirconium.
- Preservative & Antimicrobial: Exhibits mild antimicrobial properties suitable for certain topical formulations.
Key Application Fields
| Industry | Application | Typical Concentration |
|---|---|---|
| Cosmetics & Skincare | Chemical peels (home & professional), anti-aging serums, acne treatments, brightening creams, toners, cleansers. | 1% – 10% (leave-on); 5% – 15% (peels, professional use). |
| Pharmaceutical Preparations | Topical acne gels (combination with clindamycin, etc.), wart removers. | 5% – 10% |
| Oral Care | Potential ingredient in anti-plaque mouthwashes (research stage). | <2% |
| Chemical Synthesis | Intermediate for mandelate esters, mandelic acid derivatives, and other fine chemicals. | / |
Formulation Guidelines
1. Recommended Usage Levels (Skincare)
| Product Type | Concentration | pH Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Daily Toners / Serums | 1% – 5% | 3.5 – 5.0 | Neutralize partially for sensitive skin. |
| Overnight Exfoliating Creams | 5% – 10% | 3.0 – 4.0 | Use with soothing ingredients (panthenol, allantoin). |
| Professional Chemical Peels | 10% – 30% | 1.5 – 3.0 | Requires neutralization; trained personnel only. |
| Face Washes / Cleansers | 2% – 5% | 4.0 – 5.5 | Rinse-off formula; less irritation. |
2. Solubility & Handling
Solubility: Freely soluble in hot water, ethanol, and isopropanol. For cold-process formulations, pre-dissolve in a small amount of warm water or glycol (e.g., propylene glycol, glycerin) before adding to the final batch.
Stability: Stable in the pH range of 2.5–6.0. Avoid strong oxidizing agents and high temperatures (>80°C) for prolonged periods.
Discoloration Prevention: Mandelic acid may yellow or brown upon extended exposure to air, moisture, or light. Store in airtight, light-resistant containers. Adding a small amount of antioxidant (e.g., tocopherol, BHT) to the final formula can improve color stability.
3. Mandelic Acid vs. Other AHAs
| AHA | Molecular Weight | Penetration Speed | Irritation Potential | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glycolic Acid | 76 | Fast | High | Oily, thick, resilient skin; deep peeling. |
| Lactic Acid | 90 | Moderate | Moderate | Hydration + gentle exfoliation. |
| Mandelic Acid | 152 | Slow | Low | Sensitive skin, hyperpigmentation, acne, rosacea. |
Safety, Compliance & Handling
1. Safety Profile
- Skin Irritation: At concentrations below 10% and pH >3.5, mandelic acid is considered a mild to moderate skin irritant (less than glycolic). Proper formulation (buffering, inclusion of soothing agents) is recommended.
- Sun Sensitivity: As with all AHAs, products containing mandelic acid may increase the skin's sensitivity to UV radiation. A sunscreen warning label is required in many markets.
- Toxicity: Low oral and dermal toxicity. However, ingestion of large amounts may cause gastrointestinal discomfort.
2. Regulatory Status
| Region | Status |
|---|---|
| United States | FDA-regulated as an AHA ingredient in cosmetics; allowed up to 30% in professional peels and 10% in daily products (with pH ≥3.5 and proper labeling). |
| European Union | Permitted in cosmetic products under the Cosmetics Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009. Mandelic acid is listed in Annex III with restrictions on maximum concentration and pH for leave-on and rinse-off products. |
| China (NMPA) | Included in the Inventory of Existing Cosmetic Ingredients. Compliant for use in skincare products with concentration limits as per safety standards. |
| Other Regions | Generally accepted; always verify local regulations before final product launch. |
3. Quality Testing
Each batch of our Mandelic Acid Powder is rigorously tested by HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) to ensure purity ≥98%.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: What is the difference between Mandelic Acid and DL‑Mandelic Acid?
A: In practical commercial terms, there is no difference. Over 99% of mandelic acid powder sold for cosmetics and industrial use is the DL‑racemic mixture (CAS 90-64-2). Pure D- or L- forms are rare, expensive, and not required for standard exfoliating or brightening applications. Our product is the standard DL‑form, which works identically to any "mandelic acid" you see in finished skincare products.
Q: Is Mandelic Acid safe for all skin types, including dark skin?
A: Yes. Mandelic acid is one of the safest AHAs for darker skin phototypes (Fitzpatrick IV-VI) because its slow, gentle penetration dramatically reduces the risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation-a common concern with stronger AHAs like glycolic acid.
Q: Can I use Mandelic Acid with other active ingredients (retinol, vitamin C, niacinamide)?
A: Yes, but with precautions. Avoid direct layering of mandelic acid with high-concentration retinol or vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) at the same time to minimize irritation. Alternate them (AM/PM) or use in separate formulation phases. Niacinamide is generally compatible.
Q: How should I store Mandelic Acid Powder?
A: Store in a cool, dry place in a tightly sealed, light-resistant container (original packaging or HDPE/glass). Avoid high humidity and temperatures above 30°C. Properly stored, it remains stable for 24 months.
Q: Why does my mandelic acid powder sometimes discolor (turn pink or yellow)?
A: Discoloration is a sign of degradation due to prolonged exposure to air, moisture, heat, or light. While slightly discolored powder may still have acceptable purity (test via HPLC), we strongly advise against using severely discolored material in cosmetic formulations. Always keep containers tightly sealed after opening.
Q: What is the recommended starting concentration for a DIY facial serum?
A: For home use, begin with 2–5% mandelic acid in a water-based serum with pH adjusted to 3.5–4.5. Always perform a patch test before full application. Use sunscreen daily while using AHAs.
Act Now
Contact us today to request a free sample, obtain a Certificate of Analysis, or discuss your custom packaging and labeling needs. Our team is ready to help you formulate superior skincare and pharmaceutical products with premium Mandelic Acid Powder.
Please contact us at ella.zhang@huilinbio-tech.com.
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Why choose us?
- Our reputation for quality and service is unmatched.
- Throughout the expansion, we have remained focused on our core philosophy that creativity and quality design together with a rapid response to market demands will yield profitable results.
- Our commitment to customer satisfaction drives everything we do.
- We constantly improve the value of our products and practice the company's core marketing concept with our actions.
- We are proud to be one of the leading suppliers of Cosmetic Raw Materials in China.
- Our goal is to become the best platform for communication and cooperation between domestic and foreign customers, and to provide domestic users with cost-effective Mandelic Acid Powder.
- Our products are manufactured with the utmost care and attention to detail.
- We provide excellent and durable Mandelic Acid Powder and meticulous and thoughtful service, and have won wide acclaim from customers.
- Our Cosmetic Raw Materials are of the best quality while our services are top-notch.
- We rely on independent development to really improve the market share of our products, gain rich profits and win a wide space for development for our enterprise.
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