Introduction: A Versatile Alkaline Salt
Potassium Carbonate (K₂CO₃), traditionally known as potash or pearl ash, is a fundamental inorganic salt with a rich history and wide-ranging modern applications. As a water-soluble compound that forms a strongly alkaline solution, it serves as a critical source of potassium ions and carbonate anions across diverse industries. Its utility spans from being an essential flux in glass manufacturing and a pH regulator in food processing to a key catalyst and drying agent in chemical synthesis.
Biochemical & Physical Parameters
| Parameter | Specification / Value |
|---|---|
| CAS No. | 584-08-7 |
| EINECS No. | 209-529-3 |
| Density | ~2.43 g/cm³ (at 25°C) |
| Melting Point | 891 °C |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes |
| Solubility in Water | Highly soluble (111 g/100 mL at 25°C) |
| pH (Aqueous Solution) | Strongly alkaline (~11.5 for 0.1M solution) |
| Hygroscopicity | Highly hygroscopic |
| Structure | Ionic crystal (Monoclinic) |
Mechanism of Action: The Alkali & Potassium Source
The functionality of Potassium Carbonate stems from its dual role as a provider of alkalinity (carbonate ions) and potassium cations.
1. Alkaline Agent (Base): In aqueous solutions, the carbonate ion (CO₃²⁻) undergoes hydrolysis:
CO₃²⁻ + H₂O ⇌ HCO₃⁻ + OH⁻
This reaction releases hydroxide ions (OH⁻), making the solution alkaline. This property is utilized to neutralize acids, adjust pH, saponify fats (in soap making), and act as a mild leavening agent when combined with acids.
2. Potassium Ion Donor: As a highly soluble potassium salt, it efficiently delivers bioavailable K⁺ ions. This is crucial in agriculture (fertilizers) and certain industrial processes where potassium is required without introducing chloride or sulfate ions.
3. Fluxing Agent: At high temperatures (e.g., in glass and ceramic production), it lowers the melting point of silica, facilitating fusion and improving the properties of the final product.
4. Drying Agent: Its strong hygroscopic nature allows it to absorb water from organic solvents or gases when used as a desiccant.
Key Benefits & Advantages
Applications Across Industries
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Safety, Handling & Regulatory Information
1. Safety Profile (GHS Classification):
Potassium Carbonate is classified as hazardous.
- Hazard Statements: H302 (Harmful if swallowed), H315+H319 (Causes skin and serious eye irritation).
- Precautionary Measures: Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) including gloves, eye/face protection, and dust masks. Ensure good ventilation.
2. Storage & Stability:
- Crucial: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place in tightly sealed, moisture-resistant containers.
- Incompatibilities: Keep away from strong acids (violent reaction) and moisture.
FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is the key difference between Potassium Carbonate (K₂CO₃) and Potassium Bicarbonate (KHCO₃)?
A: K₂CO₃ (potassium carbonate) is a stronger base and contains two potassium ions per carbonate. KHCO₃ (potassium bicarbonate) is a milder base (bicarbonate) and contains one potassium ion. They are not directly interchangeable in formulations.
Q: Where can I find the Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) for this product?
A: A comprehensive Safety Data Sheet (SDS) is always provided by the supplier upon purchase and is available on request. It contains detailed hazard, handling, disposal, and regulatory information.
Q: Is Potassium Carbonate food grade?
A: Yes, food-grade Potassium Carbonate is produced to meet strict purity standards (e.g., FCC, E501). It is approved for use as a food additive (acidity regulator, stabilizer). Always specify "food grade" when ordering for such applications.
Q: Why is it so important to keep it sealed?
A: Potassium Carbonate is highly hygroscopic. It absorbs water from the air, becoming damp, clumpy, and eventually converting to potassium bicarbonate, which alters its weight, potency, and performance.
Q: What are the common packaging options?
A: It is typically available in moisture-proof bags (e.g., 25 kg for industrial use), drums, or smaller sealed bottles and pouches for laboratory use (e.g., 500g, 1kg).
Contact Us
Potassium Carbonate is a cornerstone chemical for countless processes. Whether you are manufacturing high-clarity glass, formulating a food product, developing a new fertilizer, or conducting chemical research, our high-purity Potassium Carbonate powder meets rigorous standards.
Contact our technical sales team today to:
- Request a sample and a Certificate of Analysis (CoA).
- Obtain a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) and detailed technical specifications.
- Get a quote for bulk quantities with competitive pricing.
Please contact us at ella.zhang@huilinbio-tech.com.
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