Introduction
Fenbendazole is a broad‑spectrum benzimidazole carbamate anthelmintic widely used in veterinary medicine for the treatment and control of gastrointestinal parasites. It is active against a wide range of internal parasites, including roundworms (Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina), hookworms (Ancylostoma caninum, Uncinaria stenocephala), whipworms (Trichuris vulpis), Taenia species of tapeworms, pinworms, strongyles (Strongyloides spp.), Giardia, lungworms, and stomach worms in cattle and goats, and various nematodes in swine, horses, and other animals [1][2]. By binding selectively to parasite β‑tubulin and disrupting microtubule formation, fenbendazole immobilizes and kills susceptible helminths with a favorable safety profile. It is administered orally as a powder, paste, suspension, or medicated feed, and is recommended for use under veterinary supervision in food‑producing animals with established withdrawal periods to ensure food safety. The drug has been used safely for more than 30 years [3].
Biochemical & Physical Parameters Table
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| CAS Number | 43210-67-9 |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₅H₁₃N₃O₂S |
| Molecular Weight | 299.35 g/mol [1] |
| Assay (USP) | 98.0% – 101.0% (on dried basis) |
| Assay (EP) | 99.0% – 101.0% |
| Appearance | White to off‑white crystalline powder |
| Melting Point | 227 – 233°C |
| Loss on Drying (USP) | Not more than 1.0% |
| Heavy Metals (USP) | Not more than 10 µg/g |
| Residue on Ignition | Not more than 0.3% |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water; soluble in DMSO and DMF |
| Density | 1.2767 g/cm³ (rough estimate) |
| pKa | 10.80 ± 0.10 |
| Storage Conditions | Store long‑term in a cool, dry place protected from light. Powder: -20°C (3 years) or 4°C (2 years) |
| Shelf Life | 3 years (proper storage) |
Mechanism of Action
Fenbendazole exerts its antiparasitic effects through the following mechanisms:
- Microtubule disruption: Fenbendazole selectively binds to β‑tubulin in susceptible parasites, particularly nematodes [1]. Binding to β‑tubulin prevents the polymerization of microtubules [2].
- Energy metabolism inhibition: Microtubule disruption leads to impaired intracellular transport mechanisms and blockade of glucose uptake, reducing glycogen stores and decreasing ATP formation in parasites [4]. This makes helminths unable to sustain essential cellular functions.
- Selective toxicity: Benzimidazole anthelmintics, including fenbendazole, demonstrate 250–400‑fold greater binding inhibition for nematode tubulin compared to mammalian tubulin, ensuring a high margin of safety for the host animal [5]. Fenbendazole exhibits moderate affinity for mammalian tubulin and exerts cytotoxicity to human cancer cells at micromolar concentrations, but selective binding to parasite tubulin is substantially stronger [2].
- Broader cellular effects: Fenbendazole stabilizes the transcriptional activator HIF‑1α, modulates multiple cellular pathways, induces apoptosis, and causes cell‑cycle arrest (G2/M phase) in proliferating cells [3]. In porcine pregnancy models, fenbendazole has been shown to induce apoptosis of uterine luminal epithelial and trophectoderm cells by disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential [6].
Health Benefits
Fenbendazole Powder provides significant health benefits for livestock, companion animals, and animal production systems:
- Broad‑spectrum gastrointestinal parasite control: Fenbendazole is active against numerous gastrointestinal parasites, including roundworms (Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina), hookworms (Ancylostoma caninum, Uncinaria stenocephala), whipworms (Trichuris vulpis), Taenia species of tapeworms, pinworms, strongyles, Strongyloides, Giardia, Oesophagostomum, Trichostrongylus species, lungworms, stomach worms (including Haemonchus contortus), and intestinal worms in cattle and goats [1][7].
- High efficacy in parasite reduction: Fenbendazole has demonstrated strong antiparasitic activity in field studies. Treatment using oral fenbendazole at 5 mg/kg produced significant faecal egg count reduction [7]. Clinical studies have reported fenbendazole cure rates of 83.9% for Ascaris lumbricoides (30–50 mg/kg dose) and 83.3% for hookworm infections. Comparative efficacy data shows fenbendazole efficacy of 80.24% against naturally occurring gastrointestinal nematodes in goats [4].
- Safety and broad species application: Fenbendazole is considered safe with low toxicity. The drug can be administered to pregnant sows with no prior withdrawal of feed or water necessary. In laboratory rodents, fenbendazole is widely used to treat or prevent pinworm outbreaks [6]. When used for food‑producing animals, fenbendazole has established withdrawal periods to ensure food safety. Cattle must not be slaughtered within 8 days following the last treatment; for fenbendazole oral suspension, an 8‑day withdrawal period for cattle, a 48‑hour milk discard time for dairy cattle, and a 6‑day withdrawal period for goats have been established [8].
- Economical and cost‑effective parasite management: As one of the most widely adopted benzimidazole anthelmintics with a favorable cost profile, fenbendazole provides effective parasite management for large animal operations. It can be administered orally as a powder, paste, or suspension, or incorporated into medicated feeds.
- Support for research applications: Fenbendazole is utilized as a research tool in parasitology, drug repurposing studies, and screening programs for anti‑proliferative agents against drug‑resistant cell lines, with benzimidazole anthelmintics known to inhibit paclitaxel‑ and doxorubicin‑resistant cancer cells [5].
Applications
| Animal Type | Target Parasites | Key Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Cattle | Lungworms, stomach worms (Ostertagia spp., Haemonchus spp., Trichostrongylus spp.), intestinal worms (Cooperia, Nematodirus, Bunostomum, Oesophagostomum) [8] | Dosage 5 mg/kg BW; 8‑day slaughter withdrawal period; 48‑hour milk discard time for dairy cattle |
| Goats | Stomach worms (Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta) [7][8] | Dosage 5 mg/kg BW; 6‑day withdrawal period |
| Sheep | Roundworms, lungworms, tapeworms | Administered orally for 3‑5 days |
| Swine | Nodular worms (Oesophagostomum), roundworms (Ascaris suum), whipworms (Trichuris suis) | Feed as sole ration for 3 days; safe for pregnant sows |
| Horses | Large strongyles (Strongylus vulgaris), small strongyles (Cyathostomes), ascarids (Parascaris equorum), pinworms (Oxyuris equi) | Administered as a paste or granules |
| Dogs | Roundworms (Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina), hookworms (Ancylostoma caninum, Uncinaria stenocephala), whipworms (Trichuris vulpis), tapeworms (Taenia pisiformis) [1] | Administered orally daily for 3 days |
| Cats | Roundworms (Toxocara cati), hookworms (Ancylostoma tubaeforme), lungworms (Aelurostrongylus abstrusus) | Administered orally daily for 3−5 days |
| Laboratory/Research | Research applications in parasitology, drug repurposing studies, and anti‑proliferative screening in drug‑resistant cancer cell lines [5] | Used as a positive control in anthelmintic efficacy testing |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: What is the standard specification of your fenbendazole powder for B2B bulk orders?
A: Our fenbendazole powder follows international standards (USP/EP/BP) with a minimum purity of 98.0% (HPLC). The particle size is 80-100 mesh, and it is a white to off-white fine powder, free of visible impurities. We can also provide customized specifications (purity, particle size) according to your bulk order requirements.
Q: What are the main applications of fenbendazole powder in B2B scenarios?
A: It is mainly used as an anthelmintic raw material for veterinary medicine and animal feed additives. It effectively eliminates gastrointestinal nematodes, tapeworms, and flukes in livestock (cattle, sheep, pigs) and poultry (chickens, ducks). It can also be used in the production of veterinary tablets, oral solutions, and premixes for large-scale breeding enterprises.
Q: Do you provide relevant certification and testing reports for bulk fenbendazole powder?
A: Yes, we provide complete certification documents for B2B cooperation, including COA (Certificate of Analysis), MSDS, GMP certificate, and export inspection reports. All products are tested strictly before shipment to ensure compliance with the import requirements of your target market (EU, US, Southeast Asia, etc.).
Q: What is the minimum order quantity (MOQ) and packaging for the fenbendazole powder bulk supply?
A: The standard MOQ is 1kg per order, and we can accept larger orders (100kg, 500kg, 1000kg) with preferential pricing. The packaging is 25kg per fiber drum (lined with food-grade plastic bags) to ensure moisture-proof, anti-breakage, and easy transportation. Customized packaging (such as 1kg, 5kg small drums) is also available for trial orders.
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Please get in touch with us at ella.zhang@huilinbio-tech.com.
References
[7] USP Monographs: Fenbendazole. USP29-NF24. United States Pharmacopeia.
[8] FDA 21 CFR §520.905c - Fenbendazole Paste. U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
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